Intelligent Transportation System (ITS)


    Introduction

ITS is an emerging transportation system which is comprised of an advanced information and telecommunications network for users, roads and vehicles. ITS is the integrated application of advanced Technologies using electronics, computers, communications, and advanced sensors. These applications provide travellers with important information while improving the safety and efficiency of the transportation system.




Intelligent Transportation Technologies

Wireless Communications:
Dedicated Short-Range Communications (DSRC): It offers communication between the vehicle and the roadside in specific locations (ex- toll plazas).
Continuous Air interface Long and Medium range: CALM provides continuous communications between a vehicle and the roadside using a variety of communication media, including cellular and infra-red links.

Intelligent Transportation Applications

(1) Electronic Toll Collection: Today, most toll roads are equipped with an electronic toll-collection system, like E-ZPass, that detects and processes tolls electronically. E-ZPass uses a vehicle-mounted transponder that is activated by an antenna on a toll lane. Your account information is stored in the transponder. The antenna identifies your transponder and reads your account information. The amount of the toll is deducted, and you're allowed through.

(2) Emergency vehicle notification systems: IST particularly the FCD (Floating Car Data ) model can also be used to provide advance warning to motorists of traffic jams, accidents and other emergency situations. This system can then provide alternative routes or recommendations to motorists so as to avoid congestion and travel delays.

(3) Automatic Road Enforcement: A traffic enforcement camera system, consisting of a camera and a vehicle monitoring device, is used to detect and identify vehicles disobeying a speed limit or some other road-legal requirement and automatically ticket offenders based on the license plate number. Traffic tickets are sent by mail.

Ex: Speed cameras identify a speed limit

Red-light cameras detect vehicles that cross a stop line

Bus lane cameras identify vehicles travelling in lanes reserved for buses.

(4)Collision Avoidance Systems :

     Collision Warning Obstacle Detection

 Lane Change Assistance Lane Departure Warning


Benefits of ITS :

Time Savings
Cost Avoidance
Reduced Crashes and Fatalities
Increased Customer Satisfaction
Energy and Environmental Benefits
Better emergency response times and services
Decreasing the probability of congestion occurrence


WRITTEN BY: Mihir and Samit

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