Application of IoT in Civil Engineering

Maintenance

The Internet of Things (IoT) has made information available in real-time, making it possible to know the status of every asset, schedule maintenance stops, and know when to refuel or turn-off idle equipment. A material's condition, like suitability to temperature and humidity, can be monitored using field sensors. Sensors pass the data through various cloud gateways to process and filter it, and finally, ML algorithms are applied to reveal hidden correlations in data sets and detect abnormal data patterns to know defects in structures. The Volvo Group has installed an IoT-based maintenance solution that predicts spindle damages as well as identifies cracks and spalls in rotating equipment, gear, and motor defects.

 

Safety and Security

Human security agents are not capable enough to monitor a huge site properly. Hence, by using IoT enabled tags, we can search for any material or theft of items as the sensors can provide the materials' current location. IoT allows for the creation of a digital real-time job site map alongside the risks related to the works and notifies every worker about the proximity to any risk or dangerous environment. Users in hydrocarbon and chemical plants with toxic or hazardous fluids often install a ruptured disc just upstream of the PRV (Pressure Relief Valve). The rupture disc is a positive barrier to eliminate the risk of PRV leakage, which is designed to open when the process pressure approaches the safe limits of the process equipment or piping, releasing excess fluid.

 

UAVs and Autonomous Vehicles

Surveillance and monitoring at numerous construction projects that span huge spaces are being made easy with UAVs' help by using drones to gather precise survey maps and aerial pictures of job sites and track their progress remotely. Construction companies can cut costs, manage utilization and make smarter equipment decisions with the aid of IoT enabled equipment tracking. With IoT enabled solutions, even the smallest companies and the shortest-term projects have found smart, wireless systems to be cost-effective. For instance, autonomous dump trucks and excavators are being tested to limit humans' exposure to unsafe work conditions. Trucks like Autonomous TMA Truck, Volvo Trucks, Smart Construction by Komatsu are used for this purpose.

 

Waste management

IoT can make our waste practices more sustainable by monitoring waste disposal bins or vehicles cost-effectively. Automated route optimization of garbage pickup trucks is currently being used for waste management operations. These trucks follow a specific route every day to collect trash. ISB Global is using IoT-powered applications to manage waste effectively. Using sensors installed on each bin, cloud-based data collection and synthesis, and a user interface/smart app, ISB has created a network of connected devices for effective waste management.

 

 

Wearables

IoT makes wearables smart. IoT is driven by the ability to install sensors on any machine or object to monitor performance, operation, physical states, or other data through connectivity. People can take the help of smart glasses to mock-up a complete suite floor with all the furnishings in it. Through connected smart-glasses, employees are also empowered on and off the job site since they can view work instructions while performing other tasks, thus improving their performance. Examples include the heads-up displays provided on smart-glasses connected to augmented reality (AR), virtual reality (VR), and mixed reality (MR) technology like Google Glass, Microsoft HoloLens.



WRITTEN BY:Priyasha Das and Shivangi Baral

 

 

 

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